Bikes for people who can’t use their legs

Tamara Gallman

May 24, 2021

For many years, bicycling has not only been a form of transportation, but it has been a way of life for most including a way to get some extra cardio and exercise in. For riders with disabilities, adaptive bicycles can boost physical benefits, such as increased joint motion, muscle movement, circulation, core development, coordination, and balance. And for emotional gains, adaptive bikes can help foster inclusion and a sense of independence, among other benefits. An adaptive bike is a bicycle that’s modified to accommodate people with disabilities. The modifications can vary, depending on each person’s needs. These bikes and trikes come in different sizes and varieties.

According to Wheels for Well-being, a British organization championing cycling for disabled riders, the majority of disabled cyclists (69%) who participated in a survey said they find cycling to be more comfortable than walking, because of eased joint strain, balance and breathing. The organization hopes adaptive cycles will become more respected as mobility aids, like that of wheelchairs and scooters. 

Because riders have varying abilities, there are many different variations of adaptive cycles. Disabled Sports USA defines the following examples:

  • Handcycles are popular among riders with lower-limb mobility impairments. They allow cyclists to propel a three-wheeled cycle using their arms. 
  • Tandem bikes are available in a variety of setups with the most common being a two-wheeled bike with a guide in the front. A side-by-side tandem tricycle allows two people to cycle simultaneously or at different rates. 
  • Four-wheeled dual recumbents keep riders in a relaxed, seated position and are best for lower-extremity cycling.
  • Three-wheeled recumbent cycles are lower to the ground which creates a lower center of balance.
  • A recumbent foot cycle comes in a tadpole style -- one wheel in back and two in front. The tadpole style is better for balancing. A recumbent foot cycle also comes in a delta style -- two wheels in the back and one in the front.
  • A recumbent handcycle sits higher off the ground. It is easier to transfer to and would be used by someone who has less mobility. There are also handcycles much lower to the ground that are more efficient for competitive cycling.

Electric bikes, also known as e-bikes, are new to the cycling scene but they’re here for the long-haul. An e-bike offers a motor-assisted ride which is excellent for riders who prefer to lessen the demand of pedaling. Plus, powered cycles allow riders of all abilities to cover more miles. Check out reviews of popular e-bikes here. And for other adaptive bicycles and gear, find lists compiled by especialneeds.com and friendshipcircle.org.  Tell us what you think about adaptive bicycles, share your thoughts on our social media channels or via email.


SUGGESTED Articles
Celebrating Women With Disabilities Who Made History

In honor of Women's History Month, we're shining a spotlight on amazing women who have overcome barriers, challenged stereotypes, and made contributions to society. From activists and advocates to athletes and leaders, these women have left a mark on history.